In the Crusader period (12-13 centuries) here was the center of Royal Cathena Quarter, the probable site of the Court of Khan which judged on the matters of maritime commerce and security.在十字军时期（ 12-13世纪）这里是中心的皇家Cathena季度，该网站可能法院的汗而判断的事项的海上贸易与安全。
The Acre Port came under the Rashidun Caliphate from 638, the Umayyad Caliphate and the Abbasid Caliphate until its capture by King Baldwin I of Jerusalem in 1104 in the First Crusade.港口的阿克里受Rashidun从638哈里发的伍麦耶王朝哈里发和阿巴斯哈里发，直至其捕获国王鲍德温一世在1104年耶路撒冷在第一远征。The Crusaders made the Acre their chief port in Palestine.十字军的阿克里了他们的主要港口在巴勒斯坦。It was re-taken by Saladin in 1187, besieged by Guy of Lusignan in 1189 at the Siege of Acre, and again captured by Richard I of England in 1191.这是重新采取的萨拉丁在1187年，围困的吕西尼昂盖伊在1189年在围攻的阿克里州，并再次逮捕了理查一世在英格兰1191年。It then became the capital of the remnant of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1192.然后它成为资本的残余王国的第1192耶路撒冷。In 1229 it was placed under the control of the Knights Hospitaller.在1229年它被置于控制的医院骑士团。The Crusaders called the city “Acre” or “Saint-Jean d’Acre” since they mistakenly identified it with the Philistine city of Ekron, in northern Philistia, now southern Israel.十字军称为城市“阿克里”或“圣让德阿克里” ，因为他们误认它与庸俗的城市Ekron ，在北部非利士，现在以色列南部。It was the final stronghold of the Crusader state, and fell to the Mameluks of the Ayyubid Sultanate in a bloody siege in 1291.这是最后的据点十字军国家，下跌的Mameluks的Ayyubid阿曼苏丹国在一场血腥围困在1291年。
Saudi authorities deploy about 100,000 of Saudi Security Force troops to secure Hajj festivities on unprecedented earlier level.沙特当局部署约100000沙特安全部队士兵，以确保朝觐活动上前所未有的同期水平。This year Hajj has attracted more than 3 million pilgrims.今年朝觐吸引超过300万朝圣者。About 1,730,000 of foreign pilgrims come to Mecca in December 2008, the record number of Muslim pilgrims coming from outside to Saudi Arabia for the most important Muslim event of the year.约173.00万外国朝圣者在麦加2008年12月，记录一些穆斯林朝圣者来自美国以外沙特阿拉伯的最重要的穆斯林活动，一年。Mansoor Alturkee, Major General of Saudi security forces, has called this event the largest security challenge.曼苏尔Alturkee少将的沙特安全部队，要求这一事件最大的安全挑战。
The Saudi First Responders put on standby 24 field hospitals with 4,000 beds, 140 medical emergency centers, 11,000 medical staff, 150 ambulances and 100,000 security force.沙特第一反应处于待命状态24野战医院的4000张病床， 140医疗急救中心， 1.1万医务人员， 150救护车和100000安全部队。Prince Nayef, high Saudi official responsible for Hajj security, has been specialy appraised by the King Abdullah for keeping law and order during festivities.纳伊夫亲王，沙特高度负责朝觐安全，已specialy的评价阿卜杜拉国王为维持法律和秩序在庆祝活动。
Waterways and ports are absolutely important to both international security and national defense, and in the wake of Mumbai terror attack and recent increased pirate activity their security has become a major concern.水路和港口是绝对重要的国际安全和国防，以及在孟买之后，恐怖袭击事件和最近的海盗活动增加了他们的安全已成为一个主要的关注。Seaports and waterways are vulnerable due to their large area, combination of water and land perimeter, intensive ship traffic, and close proximity to city infrastructure.港口和航道很容易由于他们大面积，结合水和土地的周长，密集的船舶流量，并靠近城市的基础设施。Ports and waterways are loopholes for smuggling weapons, dangerous materials, drugs and illegal immigrants.港口和航道的漏洞，走私武器，危险物品，毒品和非法移民。A report on maritime security by the Homeland Security Research Corporation analyzes the potential consequences of the risks created by these vulnerabilities and estimates prospective technologies and market segments addressing maritime security risks, both within seaports and on high seas.一份关于海上安全的国土安全研究公司分析了可能产生的后果所造成的风险这些漏洞，估计未来技术和市场解决海上安全风险，同时海港和在公海。
According to statistical data collected by the American Association of Port Authorities, about fifteen US seaports handle most of the country’s imports and exports, representing over $1.3 billion worth of goods moving in and out of US ports daily.根据统计数据收集的协会港务局，约15美国海港处理大多数国家的进口和出口，相当于超过13亿美元价值的货物移动进出美国港口每日。The US major ports are critical for moving over 99% of the country’s international trade by volume and 61% by value.美国主要港口是至关重要的移动99 ％以上国家的国际贸易货量及61 ％的价值。About 2 billion tons of cargo are moved annually and this volume is expected to double in the next 15 years.约2亿吨的货物搬到每年这个数量预计将增加一倍，未来15年。Worldwide, there are 3,000 ports employing millions of workers that handle 40,000 ships transporting billions of dollars of cargo every day.在世界范围内，有3000端口雇用数以百万计的工人，处理40000船舶运送了数十亿美元的货物每一天。
Congress and the administration have been active, through legislation, presidential directives, and international agreements, in enhancing maritime security.国会和政府一直在积极通过立法，总统的指示，和国际协定，在加强海上安全。Key agencies such as the Coast Guard, the Customs and Border Patrol, and the Transportation Security Administration have been reorganized under the Department of Homeland Security and tasked with strengthening seaport security.关键机构，如海岸警卫队，海关和边境巡逻队，以及美国运输安全管理局已经重组下的国土安全部和负责加强港口安全。The Department of Homeland Defense has spent $28 billion over the 22-month period ended in August 2006 on security-related goods and services in all areas including seaport security while issuing more than 115,000 contracts.美国国土防御已花费280亿美元的22日止的三个月内于2006年8月在与安全有关的商品和服务的所有领域，包括海港的安全，同时发放超过11.5万的合同。
According to a new World Maritime Security Market Report 2009-2018 a global recession will drastically effect maritime industry but economy slowdown will not ease any of counter-terror security issues threatening the maritime industry and the movement of cargo in international trade.根据一项新的世界海事安全市场报告2009至18年全球经济衰退将大幅海运业的影响，但经济放缓将不会缓解任何反恐安全问题威胁着航运业和货物在国际贸易中。
Recession or not, US Coast Guard crews will get the 45-foot Response Boat and the 24-foot Special Purpose Craft with enhanced capabilities for Homeland Security missions.经济衰退与否，美国海岸警备队人员将得到45英尺的响应船和24英尺专用工艺与增强功能的国土安全任务。
Despite the international naval presence off the coast of Somalia, full protection against pirates cannot be given to all the tankers and cargo ships sailing in the Gulf of Aden.尽管国际海军海岸的索马里，充分保护，防止盗版不能给所有的油轮和货轮航行在亚丁湾。However, there’s an alternative being offered that does not involved the use of warships.然而，有一个替代提供，不涉及使用的军舰。A company called Anti-Piracy Maritime Security Solutions (APMSS) uses non-lethal methods to prevent pirate attacks.一家名为反盗版海事安全解决方案（ APMSS ）使用非致命的方法，以防止海盗袭击事件。
Nick Davis, chief executive of the firm, spoke from London to VOA English to Africa Service reporter Joe De Capua about why piracy has grown to be a serious problem in the Gulf of Aden.尼克戴维斯，首席执行官公司，以从伦敦到中文网向非洲事务记者乔德卡普阿为什么盗版已成为一个严重的问题在亚丁湾。
“Primarily because of the amount of ships that are…transiting the area. “这主要是因为金额的船只过境的...领域。Obviously, it is a pinch point to the Suez Canal.显然，这是一个夹点的苏伊士运河。So, there’s an average of between…50 and 70 ships a day using the canal.所以，有一个平均的... 50和70天的船舶使用运河。Then you have those at anchorage.然后，你那些在锚地。And with the busy Arabian Peninsula, you get them from all directions.与繁忙的阿拉伯半岛，你让他们从各个方向。So, incredibly busy area…certainly a lucrative one, as the pirates can see,” he says.所以，令人难以置信的繁忙地区...当然是有利可图的，因为海盗可以看到， “他说。
All of the APMSS methods are non-lethal.所有的APMSS方法是非致命性的。Davis says, “We don’t carry weapons at all.戴维斯说， “我们不携带武器在所有。We use acoustic devices, which are basically long-distance, very directional, loud hailing systems.我们利用声学装置，基本上都是长途，非常定向，大声欢呼系统。And these emit…150 decibels over a distance of about a nautical mile….这些排放... 150分贝以上的距离大约海里... 。And to give you an idea of…the human pain threshold for sound is 121 decibels.并给你一个想法...人类痛阈健全的是121分贝。So, it’s pretty excruciating when you get within a short distance of this equipment, firing warning tones and messages at you.”所以，很痛苦当你在很短的距离此设备，发射预警铃声和讯息，你。 “
So far, he says that APMSS has been 100 percent successful and gives a recent example.迄今为止，他说， APMSS已百分之百成功并给出了一个最近的例子。“We ourselves had an encounter with pirates last Thursday in the Gulf of Aden, where our teams managed to…thwart and repel an attack by pirates that did come quite close to the vessel. “我们自己遇到了一个与海盗上周四在亚丁湾，在那里我们的团队...设法阻止和抵御袭击的海盗这是相当接近的船只。But once we activated the evasive maneuvers and increased the speed of the ship and had all the fire hoses going and used the magnetic audio device, the acoustic device that we had on board, then the pirates just turned…and went for a vessel that was unarmed further south behind us,” he says.但是，一旦我们启动了回避的军事演习，并增加了高速船舶和所有的消防喉去，并利用磁场的音频设备，音响设备，我们已在船上，然后海盗刚满...去了，货船是再往南手无寸铁的背后我们， “他说。
As the piracy problem escalated in the Gulf of Aden, ship owners faced the prospect of paying millions of dollars extra in insurance premiums.由于盗版问题升级亚丁湾，船东面对的前景是支付数百万美元的额外保险费。But says the cost of APMSS is much, much cheaper.但是他说的费用APMSS很多，便宜得多。“The cost of our service is $20,000 and that’sa fairly small price to pay to have an effective security solution on board,” he says.他说： “成本我们的服务是$ 20000及这是一个相当小的代价具备有效的安全解决方案，在船上， ”他说。
Analysts have said that international naval vessels are too few in number to provide full protection for all the ships sailing in the Gulf of Aden.分析家们说，国际海军舰艇太少的数量提供充分的保护，所有的船只在亚丁湾。“They’re there with great big warships manned with between 300 and 700 people on board them. “他们是有非常大的军舰载人300至700人在船上他们。So, we’re effectively a three-man team with the necessary security equipment and experience to repel attacks.所以，我们有效地三人小组提供必要的安全设备和经验，以击退攻击。And our teams are embarked on these ships….和我们的团队已开始对这些船只... 。And they’re on board for 48 hours and then they get off again,” he says.和他们在船上48小时，然后他们又下车， “他说。
However, Davis says that no matter how much security is provided to ships, the solution to the Somali piracy problems lies in a political solution to the crisis in the country, which includes “infrastructure regeneration to the Somali people.然而，戴维斯说，不管有多少安全是提供给船舶，解决索马里的盗版问题在于政治解决该国危机，其中包括“基础设施再生的索马里人民。Where they have no government, they have no ability to control their waters.”如果他们没有政府，他们没有能力控制自己的水域。 “ He adds that poverty is a driving force behind the piracy attacks in the Gulf of Aden.他补充说，贫困是一种推动力海盗袭击在亚丁湾。“You know, these people (pirates) live in mud huts on the beach. “你知道，这些人（海盗）生活在泥棚屋在海滩上。So, they’re not really aware of what’s going on in the world.所以，他们没有真正意识到发生了什么事情在世界上。All they see is these ships that come in, these big fish factory ships that have sucked up all the tuna so that they can’t catch a single fish anymore.所有他们看到的是这些船只来，这些大鱼厂的船舶已吸了所有的金枪鱼，使他们不能赶上一个单一的鱼类了。And these nice ships, moving cargo around the world that pay Egypt for the use of the canal…pay them nothing at all.这些漂亮的船只，移动货物在世界各地的埃及支付的使用这条运河...向他们一无所知。And yet it’s destroyed their coastal development and abilities to earn money,” he says.但它的摧毁了他们的沿海开发和能力来赚钱， “他说。 Davis adds, “They’re not out to be violent and killing crews….戴维斯说， “他们是不是要暴力和杀戮船员... 。They need money.他们需要钱。They’re desperate for money and the money is shared within the communities.他们急需钱，钱是共同的社区。Yes, there are a couple of kingpin warlords that are controlling it all, but they are distributing the wealth along the coastline to the different villages and groups.”是的，有一对夫妇的主销军阀的控制这一切，但他们的财富分配沿海岸线不同的村庄和团体。 “
Wikipedia Reference:维基参考：
Piracy off the Somali coast has been a threat to international shipping since the beginning of Somalia’s civil war in the early 1990s.海盗索马里海岸已威胁到国际航运年初以来，索马里的内战在90年代初。Since 2005, many international organizations, including the IMO, have expressed concern over the rise in acts of piracy.自2005年以来，许多国际组织，其中包括国际海事组织，已表示关注上升的海盗行为。Piracy has contributed to a rise in shipping costs and impeded the delivery of food aid shipments.盗版有助于增加运输成本，阻碍了运送粮食援助的出货量。Ninety percent of the World Food Programme’s shipments arrive by sea, and ships have required a military escort.百分之九十的世界粮食计划署的出货量到达海上船只和要求军队护送。According to the Kenyan foreign minister, Somali pirates have received over $150 million (US dollars) in ransom money during the 12 months prior to November 2008.据肯尼亚外交部长，索马里海盗已经收到超过1.5亿美元（美元）的赎金在12个月之前， 2008年11月。
Clashes have been reported between Somalia’s Islamist fighters, who are opposed to the Transitional Federal Government, and the pirates.冲突已报告与索马里的伊斯兰战士，谁是反对过渡联邦政府和海盗。In August 2008, Combined Task Force 150, a multinational coalition task force, took on the role of fighting Somali piracy by establishing a Maritime Security Patrol Area (MSPA) within the Gulf of Aden.在2008年8月，联合特遣部队150人，一个多国联合工作队，采取的作用盗版战斗的索马里建立一个海上安全巡逻区（ MSPA ）在亚丁湾。The increasing threat posed by piracy also caused significant concerns in India since most of its shipping trade routes pass through the Gulf of Aden.日益严重的威胁所造成的盗版行为还造成了严重关切，因为在印度大部分的航运贸易路线穿越亚丁湾。The Indian Navy responded to these concerns by deploying a warship in the region on October 23, 2008.印度海军对这些问题的军舰部署在该地区10月23日2008年。In September 2008, Russia announced that it too will soon join international efforts to combat piracy.[9]在2008年9月，俄罗斯宣布，该公司也将很快加入国际社会努力打击盗版。 [ 9 ]
On October 7, 2008, the United Nations Security Council adopted resolution 1838 calling on nations with vessels in the area to apply military force to repress the acts of piracy. 10月7日， 2008年，联合国安理会通过1838号决议，呼吁各国船只在该地区实行武力镇压的海盗行为。At the 101st council of the International Maritime Organization, India called for a United Nations peacekeeping force under unified command to tackle piracy off Somalia.在第101次理事会的国际海事组织，印度呼吁联合国维持和平部队的统一指挥下解决索马里海盗。(There has been a general and complete arms embargo against Somalia since 1992.) （出现了全面和彻底对索马里武器禁运自1992年以来） 。
In November 2008, Somali pirates began hijacking ships well outside the Gulf of Aden, perhaps targeting ships headed for the port of Mombasa, Kenya.在2008年11月，索马里海盗劫持船只开始之外亚丁湾，也许是针对船舶前往蒙巴萨港，肯尼亚。The November 11 attack upon the MV Powerful, 60 nautical miles south of the Yemeni coast, resulted in the failed attempt to hijack the ship and the death of two Somalis by Royal Navy forces.[14] On November 19, 2008, an Indian Navy frigate deployed in the region, the INS Tabar, destroyed a pirate vessel after the pirates threatened to attack the warship.在11月11日攻击的MV强大， 60海里南也门海岸，导致失败的企图劫持船只和死亡的两名索马里人的皇家海军部队。 [ 14 ] 11月19日， 2008年，是印度海军护卫舰部署在该地区，移民局塔巴尔，摧毁了海盗船后，海盗威胁要攻击的军舰。
Photos: Mass communication Specialist 2nd Class Jason R. Zalasky, US Navy相片：大众传播类专科第二贾森河Zalasky ，美国海军
A new in-depth report Persistent High Altitude Aerial Platforms & Payloads: Private Industry & Defense Applications Forecast – 2009-2015一种新的深入报告高海拔地区持久空中平台及有效载荷：私营工业和国防应用预测-2 009年至二○一五年by Homeland Security Research Corporation (HSRC) includes detailed market analysis, combined with penetrating technical examination of both flight platforms and payloads.由美国国土安全研究公司（ HSRC ）包括详细的市场分析，结合深入的技术审查，这两个飞行平台和有效载荷。Specifically, this report informs business and technology decision makers about this market’s significant potential.具体来说，本报告通知的业务和技术决策者对这一市场的巨大潜力。It details which technologies are ready, who can build them, the US & foreign competition, coming market disruptions, & which markets will be most profitable to 2015 and beyond.它的细节的技术准备，谁可以建立他们来说，美国与外国竞争，未来市场的混乱，与该市场将是最有利可图的2015年及以后。
Flying relatively cheap unmanned airships over one area for months to years at a time has been called the “Holy Grail” of both commercial and military markets.飞行相对便宜的无人飞艇的一个领域几个月到几年的时间被称为“圣杯”的商用和军用市场。Any company that develops the intellectual property and operational capability to deliver such performance will profit in a very big way.任何公司，开发的知识产权和业务能力，提供这种性能将利润非常大。Well, the persistent future is here – technologies exist to prototype initial defense and commercial lighter-than-air capabilities with fixed-wing unmanned airships coming soon.那么，持续的未来就在这里-技术存在的原型最初国防和商业轻于空气的能力与固定翼无人飞艇即将实现。
The latest piracy statistics released by the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) Piracy Reporting Centre (PRC) point to a significant increase in attacks by pirates in the first nine months of 2008.最新的盗版统计数据公布的国际海事局（海洋局）海盗报案中心（中华人民共和国）指向一个显着增加的海盗袭击事件中的前9个月， 2008年。According to a PRC press release, reported acts of piracy committed up to late October 2008 have included 115 vessels boarded, 31 vessels hijacked, and 23 vessels fired upon, seeing a total of 581 crew members taken hostage, nine kidnapped, nine killed and seven missing, presumed dead.根据中华人民共和国新闻稿，报道的盗版行为的决心到2008年10月下旬，包括115登上船只， 31日劫持船只，船只和23日发射时，看到共有581名船员被扣为人质，绑架9名， 9名死亡， 7失踪，死亡。The highly publicised seizures in November only highlight further the extent of this threat to the shipping industry.宣传的高度在11月缉获只有进一步突出程度的这一威胁，对航运业。
Holographic radar is a non-scanning, continuously tracking 3D radar that provides persistent illumination of its field of view and can resolve and measure an object’s motion at fine scale, as well as its range and direction.全息雷达是一种非扫描，三维不断跟踪雷达，提供持续照明的视野，并能解决和衡量一个物体的议案在细尺度，以及它的范围和方向。It is currently being scaled up for use on wind farms to offer infill coverage for air traffic control and military surveillance radars, but if adapted appropriately for a marine surveillance application and placed at prominent points on a vessel’s superstructure, it would enable a crew to detect small boats and take evasive maneuvres or trigger self-defense mechanisms to repel a pirate attack.目前，它已扩大了可用于风力发电场提供填充覆盖的空中交通管制和军事监视雷达，但如果适当地调整了海洋监视应用与放在突出的点，一艘船的上层建筑，它将使船员检测小型船只，并采取回避maneuvres或触发自我防卫机制来抵御海盗袭击。
“Current ship-based radar systems are designed to prevent collisions at sea, or to detect threats from the sky,” continues Oswald. “当前舰载雷达系统的目的是防止海上碰撞，或检测威胁来自天空， ”继续奥斯瓦尔德。“They do this by scanning the surveillance zone, emitting a pulsed beam and detecting the reflections from moving objects. “他们这样做的扫描监视区，发射脉冲波束和检测反射物体。This form of radar is simply not suited to close quarters surveillance of an environment that, like the sea, moves and changes shape.这种形式的雷达根本不适合近距离监视的环境，像大海，移动和改变形状。Our holographic radar technology is designed for exactly this sort of application.”我们的全息雷达技术是专为这类准确的应用。 “
LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) infrastructure security is an explosively growing market with demand eclipsing the Aviation security market; driven by increased global demand for LNG, and the fact that one LNG tanker if detonated would cause a blast similar in size to that of a tactical nuclear weapon.液化天然气（液化天然气）基础设施的安全是一个爆炸性增长的市场需求11959.63航空安全市场;推动全球需求增加的液化天然气，以及一个事实，就是液化天然气油轮，如果引爆了会导致爆炸类似大小的一个战术核武器。
The world’s demand for LNG is increasing dramatically, since this energy source is available abundantly, ready to meet global energy demand at a time of rising energy prices.世界液化天然气的需求正急剧增加，因为这能量来源可以充分准备，以满足全球能源需求的一次能源价格上涨。A recent HSRC’s report Global LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) Infrastructure Security Market 2009 - 2014 forecasts that over the next few years we will witness rapid development of the global LNG infrastructure.最近的一项HSRC的报告全球LNG （液化天然气）基础设施安全市场2009年至二○一四年预测，未来几年我们将看到快速发展的全球液化天然气的基础设施。For instance, the total number of LNG terminals worldwide will nearly triple over the next 7 years.例如，总数全球液化天然气终端将近两倍，在未来7年。This growth will be accompanied by a robust growth in the LNG infrastructure security market.这种增长将伴随着强劲增长的液化天然气基础设施的安全市场。The report’s forecasts:该报告的预测：
Surging energy prices will drive heavy investments in LNG infrastructure and its security – over $600 Billion and $17 Billion respectively in the next 6 years能源价格飙升将带动大量投资于液化天然气的基础设施和其安全-超过6 000亿美元和1 70亿美元，分别在未来的6年
Over 300 new LNG facilities will be built over the next 6 years 300多名新的液化天然气设施将建立在未来6年
Over 75% of the LNG market is outside of the US超过75 ％的液化天然气市场是美国境外的
Perimeter security & Maritime security account for over 30% of the market周边安全与海上安全帐户超过30 ％的市场份额
United States Senate, Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, Statement of Fathali M. Moghaddam , Professor, Department of Psychology, Director, Conflict Resolution Program, Department of Government, Georgetown University, Senior Fellow, Center on Policy, Education, and Research on Terrorism,July 10, 2008美国参议院委员会的国土安全和政府事务， 声明Fathali先生Moghaddam ，教授，心理学系，主任，解决冲突的方案，政府部，乔治敦大学，高级研究员，中央的政策，教育和研究恐怖主义， 08年7月10号
Chairman Lieberman; Senator Collins.主席利伯曼参议员柯林斯。Distinguished Members.尊敬的成员。 Violent extremism is a major problem in a number of contemporary societies; violent Islamist extremism has become a serious global threat, and could remain so during the next few decades.暴力极端主义是一个重大问题在一些当代社会;暴力的伊斯兰极端主义已成为一个严重的全球性威胁，并可能继续下去，在未来的几十年。In order to more effectively thwart this threat, it is necessary to explore and better understand its roots.为了更有效地阻止这种威胁，有必要探讨和更好地理解其根源。For this reason, I am grateful to you for inviting me to present my views regarding the ideological roots of violent Islamist extremism.出于这个原因，我很感谢你邀请我提出我的看法的思想根源，暴力伊斯兰极端主义。 Because ideology is a major focus in this hearing, let me begin by clarifying my own ideological biases.由于思想，是一个主要的重点在这个听证会上，首先请允许我澄清我自己的意识形态偏见。Like hundreds of millions of other Muslims, my hope and goal is that Islamic societies, including those of the Near and Middle East, will become far more politically, culturally, and economically open in the future.像数以亿计的其他穆斯林，我的希望和目标是伊斯兰社会，其中包括近东和中东，将变得更加政治，文化，经济开放的未来。The open, democratic Islamic society will be more peaceful, more productive, more affluent, more just, and better for the global economy.在开放的，民主的伊斯兰社会将更加和平，更加富有成效，更富裕，更公正，更好地为全球经济。To a significant degree, higher oil prices are the result of dictatorships, monopolies, corruption, a lack of open competition, and inefficiency.在很大程度上，高油价的原因是独裁，垄断，腐败，缺乏公开竞争，效率低下。 But to achieve more open Islamic societies there are major obstacles to overcome, and violent Islamist extremism is one such major obstacle.但要实现更加开放的伊斯兰社会有重大的障碍需要克服，和暴力的伊斯兰极端主义就是这样的一个重大障碍。In order to evaluate this particular obstacle, I find it instructive to review the letter of invitation I received, which states the purpose of the present Senate hearing to be “to explore the ideology that is the root source for the radicalization of potential followers of al-Qaeda and other Islamist terrorist organizations around the world”.为了评估这种特殊的障碍，我认为有启发性审查的邀请函我收到了，其中规定在本参议院听证会上将“探索思想是根源的激进的潜在追随者基地组织和其他伊斯兰恐怖组织在世界各地“ 。I believe it is useful to critically assess the assumption that an ideology is “the root source for the radicalization of potential followers of al-Qaeda and other Islamist terrorist organizations around the world”.我认为这是有益的，并审慎评估的假设是一种意识形态是“根源的激进的潜在追随者基地组织和其他伊斯兰恐怖组织在世界各地” 。 An ideology does not arise in a vacuum, nor does it influence behavior in a vacuum.一种意识形态不会出现在真空中，也不影响行为在真空中进行。An ideology can only impact behavior under given conditions, when other necessary factors are present.思想只能影响行为的条件下，当其他必要的因素都存在。 In the Georgetown University libraries, there are many books that espouse potentially dangerous ideologies.在美国乔治敦大学的图书馆，有许多书籍，支持具有潜在危险的意识形态。Why is it that young women and men at Georgetown are not influenced by the many dangerous books available, including works on fascism, anarchism, and various kinds of religious fundamentalism?为什么青年男女在乔治敦没有影响，许多危险的书籍，其中包括工程，法西斯主义，无政府主义和各种宗教原教旨主义？Why do they not turn to terrorism?他们为什么不把恐怖主义？Clearly because the availability of a violent extremist ideology serves as a necessary, but is not a sufficient, cause for terrorist action. [Read more →]显然，因为有一个暴力极端主义意识形态提供了必要的，但没有充分的，令人恐怖的行动。 [阅读更多→ ]
Here is an excerpt of Statement of K. Alan Kronstadt Specialist in South Asian Affairs Congressional Research Service before the US Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Federal Financial Management, Government Information,Federal Services, and International Security titled “Addressing the US .-Pakistan Strategic Relationship”.以下是摘录的声明光喀琅施塔得专家艾伦在南亚事务的国会研究服务处前，美国参议院委员会的国土安全和政府事务小组委员会的联邦财务管理，政府信息，联邦事务和国际安全题为“美国的解决.-巴基斯坦战略伙伴关系“ 。
Concurrent with this sharp increase in domestic insecurity in Pakistan has been the apparent resurgence on that country’s territory of the very threat the United States has sought to neutralize in Afghanistan: Al Qaeda and affiliated groups who continue to plot anti-Western terrorist attacks.与此并行急剧增加，国内不安全，巴基斯坦已明显复苏该国的领土非常的威胁，美国一直寻求消除在阿富汗的：基地组织和所属团体谁继续阴谋反西方的恐怖袭击。Despite years of effort and billions of dollars worth of resources, the estimated number of Al Qaeda suspects reported killed or captured in Pakistan - around 700 - has remained essentially unchanged since 2004.尽管多年的努力和价值数十亿美元的资源，估计有多少基地组织嫌疑人死亡或被俘的巴基斯坦-约7 00-已经基本上保持不变自2 0 04年以来。At an April 2008 House hearing on Al Qaeda, a panel of non-governmental experts agreed that the ongoing hunt for Al Qaeda’s top leaders was foundering.在2008年4月国会听证会上基地，一个小组的非政府专家们一致认为，正在进行的搜捕基地组织的最高领导人是foundering 。At the me time, however, the head of the US Central Intelligence- Agency, Michael Hayden, later portrayed A1 Qaeda as being on the defensive in South Asia, claiming that its leadership is losing the battle for hearts and minds in the Muslim world.在我的时间，但团长的美国中央情报机构，迈克尔海登，后来描绘格A1作为基地的防守在南亚，声称其领导是失去了战斗的心灵在穆斯林世界。Yet Hayden’s conclusion came only two months after his March 2008 assertion that the situation on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border “presents a clew and present danger to Afghanistan, to Pakistan, and to the West in general, and to the United States in particular.” He agreed with other top US officials who believe that possible future terrorist attacks on the US homeland likely would likely originate in that region.然而，海登的结论，仅两个月后，他在2008年3月断言，当地的局势巴基斯坦和阿富汗的边界“提出了一个线索和现实的危险前往阿富汗，巴基斯坦，以及西方一般，并特别是美国。 “他同意与其他美国高级官员认为，谁将来可能的恐怖主义袭击美国本土可能可能起源于这一地区。
Sky-high oil prices have ensured that the global economy has been propelled into an era of high energy prices and security of energy infrastructure has now become the foremost concern of governments everywhere.天空高油价已确保全球经济已推进到一个时代的高能源价格和安全的能源基础设施现在已成为最关注的政府无处不在。The “trickle down economics” theory states that if the energy-rich economies invest more into expanding energy infrastructure, it will in turn drive the infrastructure security markets.的“涓滴经济学”理论指出，如果能源丰富的经济体更多的投资将扩大能源基础设施，这将反过来推动基础设施的安全市场。
Please vote below, answer will be released on June 25th.下面，请投票，答案将公布6月25日。
在十字军时期（ 12-13世纪）这里是中心的皇家Cathena季度，该网站可能法院的汗而判断的事项的海上贸易与安全。 
尽管国际海军海岸的索马里，充分保护，防止盗版不能给所有的油轮和货轮航行在亚丁湾。 然而，有一个替代提供，不涉及使用的军舰。 一家名为反盗版海事安全解决方案（ APMSS ）使用非致命的方法，以防止海盗袭击事件。 
所有的APMSS方法是非致命性的。 戴维斯说， “我们不携带武器在所有。 我们利用声学装置，基本上都是长途，非常定向，大声欢呼系统。 这些排放... 150分贝以上的距离大约海里... 。 并给你一个想法...人类痛阈健全的是121分贝。 所以，很痛苦当你在很短的距离此设备，发射预警铃声和讯息，你。 “ 
由于盗版问题升级亚丁湾，船东面对的前景是支付数百万美元的额外保险费。 但是他说的费用APMSS很多，便宜得多。 他说： “成本我们的服务是$ 20000及这是一个相当小的代价具备有效的安全解决方案，在船上， ”他说。 
由美国国土安全研究公司（ HSRC ）包括详细的市场分析，结合深入的技术审查，这两个飞行平台和有效载荷。 具体来说，本报告通知的业务和技术决策者对这一市场的巨大潜力。 它的细节的技术准备，谁可以建立他们来说，美国与外国竞争，未来市场的混乱，与该市场将是最有利可图的2015年及以后。 
